Higher Risk of Esophageal, Stomach Cancer With AIDS

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma rates down but carcinoma rates fairly constant from 1980 to 2007

MONDAY, Oct. 1 (HealthDay News) -- There is an increased risk of esophageal and stomach cancers among people with AIDS, according to a study published in the October issue of Gastroenterology.

E. Christina Persson, Ph.D., from the National Cancer Institute in Rockville, Md., and colleagues analyzed data from 596,955 people with AIDS from the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study, which links data collected from 1980 to 2007 for 16 U.S. population-based HIV and AIDS and cancer registries.

The researchers found that people with AIDS had increased risks of carcinomas of the esophagus (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 1.69) and stomach (SIR, 1.44). The risk was also significantly elevated for esophageal adenocarcinoma (SIR, 1.91) and squamous cell carcinoma (SIR, 1.47). Compared to the general population, people with AIDS had increased risks of carcinomas of the gastric cardia (SIR, 1.36; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.83 to 2.11) and noncardia (SIR, 1.53; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.05). There was an increased risk of stomach mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (SIR, 5.99), although most stomach and esophageal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) that developed in people with AIDS were diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. The rates of NHLs decreased significantly from 1980 to 2007 but the incidence of carcinomas remained fairly constant over time.

"People with AIDS are at increased risk for developing esophageal and stomach carcinomas and NHLs," the authors write. "Although the incidence of NHL decreased from 1980 to 2007 as treatments for HIV infection improved, HIV-infected individuals face continued risks of esophageal and stomach carcinomas."

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