Obesity Focus on Prevention and Policy
Laura L. Hayman PhD, RN, FAAN
Suzanne Hughes MSN, RN

$3.95 		Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
June 2004 
Volume 19  Number 3
Pages 217 - 218
 
  PDF Version Available!

ABSTRACT
Outline

  • REFERENCES

    The epidemic of overweight and obesity in children, adolescents, and adults in the United States has prompted increased attention from scientists, clinicians, and public health advocates. A particularly disturbing trend, observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and other national surveys, is the dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight in children and youth. 1 Recent data (1999–2000) from NHANES III indicate that 15.5% of 6–19-year-olds and 10.4% of 2–5-year-olds are overweight (body mass index [BMI] >= 95th age-specific percentile). 2 The prevalence of overweight among non-Hispanic black (23.6%) and Mexican American (23.4%) adolescents increased more than 10 percentage points between NHANES III (1988–1994) and the most recent survey (1999–2000). 2

    This trend is of particular concern because obesity clusters with other major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. Similar to observations in adults, recent clinical studies document increases in the prevalence of obesity-induced diabetes in children and adolescents, particularly minority youth. 3,4 National surveys also indicate that patterns of dietary intake and physical activity for the majority of children and youth are not meeting current recommendations. 5 Since risk factors for CVD and related health behaviors track from childhood and adolescence to adulthood, the current trends do not augur well for the cardiovascular health of future generations.

    Recognized as an independent risk factor for CVD and related comorbidities, obesity is emphasized in recent guidelines issued by the American Heart Association, 6–8 the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7), 9 the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP ...

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