Abstract
ABSTRACT: Although the first documented clinical trial as described in the biblical book of Daniel dates to 606 BC, the prophet Daniel's nutrition study is contemporary in both approach and topic and could be considered the first comparative effectiveness research (CER) trial. This article summarizes the historical evolution of clinical trials and associated regulatory legislation. Ethical considerations foundational to nursing and evidence-based practice (EBP) in the 21st century are examined. Distinguishing features of CER, various study designs and checklists, and EBP are detailed. Biblical foundations for research and the Bible's relevance to modern research methods are discussed.