ABSTRACT
Background: Active ankle movement is recommended intervention for preventing deep vein thrombosis effectively and easily by promoting venous return from the lower limbs. The active ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion movement guided by deep breathing is considered the most effective method, although outstanding problems remain, including low patient compliance and difficult motion essentials.
Purpose: The aims of this study were to compare the influence of different ankle active movements on venous return from the lower limbs and to suggest the optimal movement for preventing deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs.
Methods: A self-controlled study on 130 subjects was undertaken. The femoral venous hemodynamics of the left femoral vein and changes in pulse oxygen saturation and heart rate were compared among the three states of quiescent, active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion movement, and active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion with active plantar 45[degrees] flexion movement. The immediate master rates of the two ankle movements were examined before the study.
Results: The femoral venous hemodynamics of the left femoral vein were significantly higher in both movement states compared with the quiescent state. Moreover, no significant difference was found among the three states in terms of pulse oxygen saturation and heart rate. The immediate master rate was significantly higher in the active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion movement than in the active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion and active plantar 45[degrees] flexion movement. Therefore, active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion movement guided by inspiration was found in this study to increase femoral venous hemodynamics, which heightened the immediate master rate but had no obvious influence on pulse oxygen saturation and heart rate.
Conclusions: Active ankle 30[degrees] dorsiflexion movement guided by inspiration effectively promotes venous return from the lower limbs and is a better method to prevent deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs.