Private transport is linked to greater survival for some trauma victims. The time it takes to transport severely injured patients to the hospital can be crucial to their survival. To assess whether private vehicle transport or ground emergency medical services (EMS) yielded higher survival rates at the trauma system level, researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study using data collected by the National Trauma Data Bank from 2010 through 2012. The study included 103,029 patients (ages 16 years and older, with a mean age of 32 years; 88% male; 48% black, 26% white, and 18% Hispanic) with gunshot and stab wounds from the 100 most populous U.S. metropolitan trauma systems. The authors found that significantly fewer patients transported by private vehicle died, compared with those transported by ground EMS (2.2% versus 11.6%, respectively). This significant difference in overall mortality rate held up when gunshot and stab-wound patients were considered separately. Black and Hispanic patients used private transport more frequently than EMS, while the opposite was true for white patients. The authors, writing in the online September 20, 2017, JAMA Surgery, urge further research to inform policy at the trauma system level.