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HIV treatment recommendations are updated. The recent International Antiviral (formerly AIDs) Society-USA recommendations highlight early therapy, when to switch treatment, and how to boost adherence. They also include a focus on starting antiviral therapy as soon as possible after diagnosis unless the patient's commitment to therapy is questionable or an opportunistic infection is also present. Initial treatment recommendations suggest using a combination of drugs with a high barrier to resistance, particularly in patients with inconsistent adherence. Read the full recommendations in the July 24/31 issue of JAMA at https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2688574?resultClick=1.