Authors

  1. Bickton , Fanuel M.
  2. Sutherland , Josan
  3. Kalonde , Patrick K.
  4. Namanja , Alice
  5. Lupton-Smith , Alison
  6. Li , Tao
  7. Banda , Gift T.
  8. Allwood , Brian W.
  9. Habib , GM Monsur
  10. Gosselink , Rik
  11. Karumbi , Jamlick
  12. Hanekom , Susan
  13. Shannon , Harriet
  14. Rylance , Jamie
  15. Browne , Joyce L.
  16. Chisati , Enock
  17. Heine , Martin

Abstract

Of the initial 1302 records screened in PubMed, 17 were assessed for eligibility by reviewing their full-text articles, which excluded 7 articles. Citation searching and snowballing yielded 5 more eligible articles, resulting in a total of 15 eligible articles included for analysis. Of these, 6 (40%) were explicitly global while the remainder were implicitly global. Study participants (n = 823) originated from 40 different countries, based on reported data or provided by correspondence. Of these, high-income countries contributed 748 participants (91%), followed by upper-middle-income countries with 59 participants (7%), lower-middle-income countries with 15 participants (12%), and one low-income country with 1 participant (<1%). Potential enablers of LMIC participation were using multiple participant recruitment and data collection methods, channels, platforms, and collecting data from participants using their native languages. Limited resources were identified as a potential barrier.